Cerebral palsy (CP) consists of a heterogeneous group of permanent,
nonprogressive clinical syndromes that are characterized by motor and postural
dysfunction. These conditions, which range in severity, are due to abnormalities
of the developing brain resulting from a variety of causes. Although the
disorder itself is not progressive, the appearance of neuropathologic lesions
and their clinical expression may change over time as the brain matures.
Traditional medical techniques (physiotherapy, bracing, and orthopedic
musculoskeletal surgery) remain the mainstay of treatment strategies at this
time. Limited research indicates acupuncture, biofeedback, may offer slight
benefits.
The addition of an exercise training program to the standard care of children
and adolescents with cerebral palsy improves their physical fitness and quality
of life.
There is no cure for cerebral palsy, but a range of treatments are available
to help treat many of the symptoms.
Treatment for cerebral palsy will usually involve a team of health
professionals with different areas of expertise. The team may include:
a paediatrician
a health visitor
a social worker
a physiotherapist, who helps with movement and co-ordination
an orthotist, who specialises in the use of devices (orthoses) to correct
deformities and support weakened joints
a speech and language therapist
an occupational therapist, who helps with the skills and abilities needed for
daily activities, such as washing or dressing
a teacher specialising in helping children with visual impairment
an educational psychologist, who specialises in helping people with learning
difficulties
The care team will help draw up an individual care plan to address any needs
or problems your child has. The plan will be continually reassessed as your
child gets older and their needs change.
You and your child will also be assigned a key worker, who will be the first
point of contact between you and the various support services available. When
your child is young, the key worker is likely to be a health visitor. As your
child gets older and their needs become more complex, the key worker is likely
to be a social worker.
There is no single treatment plan for a child with cerebral palsy. Instead,
there are a wide range of treatments available, which are designed to improve
your child's symptoms and let them be as independent as possible. Some of the
main treatments are outlined below.
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